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148 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
148 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
# 代码运行时
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[English](code-runtime.md) | 中文
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代码执行 seam 是一个[能力 seam](../../.agents/notes/implemented/architecture/2026-06-13-capability-seams.md)：其接口（[dsh-code-runtime](../../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime)，`ctx.codeRuntime`）针对宿主提供的异步 binding 运行一段模型编写的程序，并报告其打印内容与返回值。代码执行是**一项可选能力**，不属于 agent loop（智能体循环）主干，因此其词汇定义在此而非 [core.md](core.md) 中。各后端的执行基底与源语言不同，这两项均为服务上的只读描述符；worker-thread 后端与工具注册表消费方的契约见 [Code Mode 基础设计](../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-06-15-code-mode.md)和[类型化返回契约](../../.agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-07-20-code-mode-typed-tool-returns.md)。
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源码：[`packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/types.ts`](../../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/types.ts)
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## 运行：请求进，结果出
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`CodeRunRequest` 携带**运行时所需的一切**。按照「包（package）边界处显式优于隐式」的规则，默认值（时间预算、输出上限）来自实现的已校验配置，绝不是 `run()` 内部隐藏的 `??`：
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```ts type-equiv
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/**
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* One run: the program source plus everything the runtime acts on. Per the
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* explicit-over-implicit convention, defaulting (time budgets, output caps)
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* is the implementation's validated config — a request carries no optional
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* tuning knobs for a hidden `??` to fill in.
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*/
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interface CodeRunRequest {
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/**
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* The program source, in the runtime's {@link ../index.ts | language}. It
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* runs as the body of an async function: top-level `await` and `return`
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* are available, and the completion value becomes
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* {@link CodeRunResult.value}.
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*/
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program: string
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/** Host functions exposed to the program, one global object per namespace. */
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bindings: CodeBindingNamespace[]
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/**
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* Abort the run: the runtime stops the program (hard, even mid-loop) and
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* resolves with a {@link CodeRunFailure} of kind `'abort'`. In-flight
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* binding calls are the CALLER's to settle — the runtime only stops asking.
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*/
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signal?: AbortSignal
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}
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```
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结果将错误报告为一个**字段**，而非 `run()` 的 rejection。报告失败的程序是调用方的职责，不走异常路径（与 `BashExecutor.run` 的 resolve-on-failure 契约一致）：
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```ts type-equiv
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/**
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* The outcome of one run. An error is a FIELD on a resolved result, never a
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* rejection of `run()` — reporting a failed program is the caller's job, not
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* an exception path.
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*/
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interface CodeRunResult {
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/**
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* The program's completion value (its top-level `return`), when it ran to
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* completion and the value crossed the runtime's lossless-JSON boundary.
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* Invalid or over-limit completions fail the run instead of substituting a
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* rendered string; a failed or value-less run leaves this absent.
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*/
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value?: CodeJsonValue
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/** Text the program emitted, in order, bounded only as part of the outer result. */
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logs: string[]
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/** Present iff the run failed; see {@link CodeRunFailure} for the taxonomy. */
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error?: CodeRunFailure
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}
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```
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## 绑定：宿主函数作为程序全局变量
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每个 `CodeBindingNamespace` 在程序内成为一个由异步可调用函数组成的全局对象（Code Mode 消费方传入一个：`tools`）。参数与返回值必须是无损 JSON，且跨越边界时不受 seam 层字节上限约束；运行时可以通过结构化克隆桥接它们。命名空间可以声明程序可见的错误类，而无需让运行时知道消费方的名称：运行时会注入真实构造函数，并将被拒绝的调用转为该类的实例。运行时也将绑定名视为不可信输入（`__proto__` 是普通自有属性，绝不会发生原型碰撞）：
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```ts type-equiv
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/**
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* Program-visible typed rejection for one binding namespace. The runtime
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* injects a real error constructor under `name`; rejected member calls become
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* its instances and expose the exact member name through
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* `memberNameProperty`. Both strings are runtime data rather than knowledge
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* of a particular consumer such as Code Mode.
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*/
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interface CodeBindingErrorClass {
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/** Constructor global and resulting `Error.name` (must be a usable JS identifier). */
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name: string
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/** Non-empty own property for the member name; cannot replace `name`, `message`, or `stack`. */
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memberNameProperty: string
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}
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```
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```ts type-equiv
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/**
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* A named group of {@link CodeBindingFunction}s the runtime exposes to the
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* program as one global object (e.g. `tools`). Function names are arbitrary
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* strings — a runtime must treat names like `__proto__` or `constructor` as
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* ordinary own properties (null-prototype construction), never as prototype
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* collisions.
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*/
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interface CodeBindingNamespace {
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/** The global identifier the program sees (must be a valid JS identifier). */
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global: string
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/** The callable members, keyed by the exact name the program calls. */
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functions: Record<string, CodeBindingFunction>
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/** Optional program-visible typed rejection contract for this namespace. */
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errorClass?: CodeBindingErrorClass
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}
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```
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```ts type-equiv
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/** A lossless JSON value transferable across the dependency-light code-runtime seam. */
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type CodeJsonValue = null | boolean | number | string | CodeJsonValue[] | { [key: string]: CodeJsonValue }
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```
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```ts type-equiv
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/**
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* One host-side function exposed to the program as an async callable. The
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* runtime bridges calls to it (possibly across a serialization boundary), so
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* `args` and the resolution value MUST be lossless JSON. A runtime rejects a
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* lossy or non-cloneable value with a descriptive error rather than corrupting
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* the run. No seam-level byte cap applies to a binding resolution. A rejection
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* of this function surfaces inside the program as a rejection of the
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* corresponding call.
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*/
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type CodeBindingFunction = (args: unknown) => Promise<CodeJsonValue>
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```
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## 捕获的输出与失败分类体系
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日志是按发出顺序排列的纯字符串。运行时捕获程序的 console 与流输出，但通道和 console 方法的元数据不属于 seam，因为消费方只渲染文本。实现会对序列化后的外层日志数组，以及完成值或失败消息的组合载荷设置上限；固定的结果封装语法与消费方展示空白不计入这份可变载荷计量。超限会显式失败，而不会在值中插入替代内容。
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失败类型是**正交的结果，独立报告**（见 [defensive-patterns](../defensive-patterns.md)）：预算耗尽不是异常，中止不是超时，基底崩溃（如 OOM）也不是二者中的任何一个：
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```ts type-equiv
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/**
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* Why a run failed. The kinds are orthogonal outcomes reported independently
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* (per docs/defensive-patterns.md): a budget expiry is not an exception, an
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* abort is not a timeout, and a substrate death is neither.
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*
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* - `'exception'` — the program threw or failed to parse/transform.
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* - `'timeout'` — an implementation-owned budget expired; the message says which.
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* - `'abort'` — {@link CodeRunRequest.signal} fired.
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* - `'worker-exit'` — the execution substrate died without settling (e.g. OOM).
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* - `'invalid-output'` — the completion value was not lossless JSON.
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* - `'output-limit'` — the serialized outer logs/value/diagnostic exceeded the configured cap.
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*/
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interface CodeRunFailure {
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/** The failure class (see the interface doc for each kind's meaning). */
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kind: 'exception' | 'timeout' | 'abort' | 'worker-exit' | 'invalid-output' | 'output-limit'
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/** Human-readable detail, suitable for feeding back to a model to self-correct. */
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message: string
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}
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```
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## 服务
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`CodeRuntime`（`ctx.codeRuntime`，抽象服务，定义于 [`packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/index.ts`](../../packages/code-runtime/code-runtime/src/index.ts)）由 `run(request)` 加两个只读描述符组成：`language`（程序必须使用的语言，`'typescript'` 是已知值；生成语言相关展示的消费方据此切换，遇到无法展示的语言时应显式报错）和 `isolation`（执行基底，`'worker-thread'`、`'process'`、`'container'`；仅为诊断标签，**不构成安全承诺**）。实现必须保证各次运行彼此隔离（无跨运行状态），并在 dispose（资源释放）时等待系统完全停稳：teardown 完成前，进行中的运行都已终止并等待结束。
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