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deepseek-harness/docs/core-data-structures/workflow.md
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# Workflow
The workflow seam — an agent running a model-written orchestration SCRIPT that fans out subagents. Like [subagent](subagent.md) it is **one optional capability**, not part of the agent-loop spine, so its vocabulary lives here rather than in [core.md](core.md). Unlike the subagent registry it takes the bash shape: ONE engine implementation per context provides `ctx.workflows`; there is no named-provider registry (a second engine is a plugin swap, not a co-resident).
Interface: [dsh-workflow](../../packages/workflow/workflow) (`ctx.workflows` + the vocabulary below). The implementation is [dsh-workflow-workerthread](../../packages/workflow/workflow-workerthread) (a `node:worker_threads` engine — one worker per run, the script's vm context inside it); the model-facing consumer is [dsh-tool-workflow](../../packages/workflow/tool-workflow). The proposal and rationale: [the dynamic-workflows RFC](../rfc/implemented/feature/2026-07-05-dynamic-workflows.md).
Source: [`packages/workflow/workflow/src/types.ts`](../../packages/workflow/workflow/src/types.ts)
## The start request
What a caller asks for when starting a run. The tool layer builds this from the model's `{ script, args }` plus the calling agent; the engine validates the script's meta block BEFORE the body runs. `parent` is REQUIRED — every child the script spawns is attributed to it (cwd, lineage, and depth flow through the [subagent seam](subagent.md)). `args` must be plain host-realm JSON data; the engine exposes it to the script as the `args` global.
```ts type-equiv
interface WorkflowStartRequest {
script: string
args?: unknown
parent: Agent
signal?: AbortSignal
}
```
## The script's identity: `WorkflowMeta`
The validated `export const meta` block (Claude Code dynamic-workflows format — a PURE object literal heading the script). `phases` is progress vocabulary only: `phase()` calls match titles for observers; no execution structure is implied.
```ts type-equiv
interface WorkflowMeta {
name: string
description: string
whenToUse?: string
phases?: WorkflowPhase[]
}
```
## The terminal result: `WorkflowResult`
The outcome of one run, resolved by `WorkflowRun.result`. `value` is the script's materialized return value — plain host-realm JSON data (`null` when the script returned nothing) — meaningful only for `completed`. `stopReason` is a CLOSED union (engine-owned; consumers may exhaust it): `completed` | `cancelled` | `error`. A non-`completed` reason carries the failure in `error`, and the consumer maps it to an `isError` tool result rather than reporting partial output as success.
```ts type-equiv
interface WorkflowResult {
value: unknown
stopReason: WorkflowStopReason
error?: string
agentsStarted: number
}
```
## A live run: `WorkflowRun`
The handle the consumer holds while a script executes. The consumer awaits `result`, may `cancel` mid-flight, and MUST `dispose` on every path. `result` does NOT reject — a script failure resolves with `stopReason: 'error'` — and once the run is cancelled it SETTLES within the engine's bounded grace even if the script itself never settles (the engine force-settles `cancelled`; the worker-thread engine then terminates the script's worker), so a consumer awaiting `result` is never wedged past a cancellation. `dispose()` = cancel + that bounded settle + child quiescence; it never hangs on a stuck script.
```ts type-equiv
interface WorkflowRun {
readonly id: WorkflowRunId
readonly meta: WorkflowMeta
readonly result: Promise<WorkflowResult>
cancel(reason?: string): void
dispose(): Promise<void>
}
```
## Failure discipline: `WorkflowError.fatal`
Hook misuse inside a script — bad arguments, unknown/deferred `agent()` options, a schema outside the [structured-output subset](../../packages/core/tools/README.md), a tripped cap, a seam start failure, cancellation — throws a `WorkflowError` with `fatal: true`. The `parallel()`/`pipeline()` combinators RE-THROW fatal errors instead of mapping the item to `null`: a typo'd option must kill the script loudly, never dissolve into something that reads as an ordinary child failure. The per-item `null` is reserved for child-run failures (a non-`completed` stop reason) and ordinary in-stage script errors.
## Events
The `workflow/*` events (`workflow/start`, `workflow/phase`, `workflow/log`, `workflow/agent-start`, `workflow/agent-end`, `workflow/end` — see the [events catalog](../cordis-catalog/events.md)) are **observe-only** emits carrying DATA SNAPSHOTS: every payload starts with `WorkflowRunInfo` (id + meta), never the live `WorkflowRun`, so a subscriber cannot gain `cancel`/`dispose`, and `workflow/end` deliberately omits the result value (a listener observing outcomes must not receive a mutable alias of the caller's result). Every emit is per-listener contained — a throwing subscriber is logged, never propagated, and cannot starve the listeners registered after it — and every listener receives its own payload clone, so mutating it corrupts neither the engine nor other listeners; the containment mirrors `subagent/start`/`subagent/end`.