Merge branch 'add-dev-dri' into 'main'

Inject DRM device nodes into containers when Graphics or Display capabilities are requested

See merge request nvidia/container-toolkit/container-toolkit!235

cmd/nvidia-container-runtime-hook/container_config.go

@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ func getDevicesFromEnvvar(image image.CUDA, swarmResourceEnvvars []string) *stri
 	// Build a list of envvars to consider. Note that the Swarm Resource envvars have a higher precedence.
 	envVars := append(swarmResourceEnvvars, envNVVisibleDevices)
 
-	devices := image.DevicesFromEnvvars(envVars...)
+	devices := image.DevicesFromEnvvars(envVars...).List()
 	if len(devices) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}

cmd/nvidia-ctk/hook/create-symlinks/create-symlinks.go

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ func (m command) build() *cli.Command {
 		},
 		&cli.StringSliceFlag{
 			Name:        "link",
-			Usage:       "Specify a specific link to create. The link is specified as source:target",
+			Usage:       "Specify a specific link to create. The link is specified as target::link",
 			Destination: &cfg.links,
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ func (m command) run(c *cli.Context, cfg *config) error {
 
 	links := cfg.links.Value()
 	for _, l := range links {
-		parts := strings.Split(l, ":")
+		parts := strings.Split(l, "::")
 		if len(parts) != 2 {
 			m.logger.Warnf("Invalid link specification %v", l)
 			continue

internal/config/image/capabilities.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/**
+# Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+**/
+
+package image
+
+// DriverCapability represents the possible values of NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES
+type DriverCapability string
+
+// Constants for the supported driver capabilities
+const (
+	DriverCapabilityAll      DriverCapability = "all"
+	DriverCapabilityCompat32 DriverCapability = "compat32"
+	DriverCapabilityCompute  DriverCapability = "compute"
+	DriverCapabilityDisplay  DriverCapability = "display"
+	DriverCapabilityGraphics DriverCapability = "graphics"
+	DriverCapabilityNgx      DriverCapability = "ngx"
+	DriverCapabilityUtility  DriverCapability = "utility"
+	DriverCapabilityVideo    DriverCapability = "video"
+)
+
+// DriverCapabilities represents the NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES set for the specified image.
+type DriverCapabilities map[DriverCapability]bool
+
+// Has check whether the specified capability is selected.
+func (c DriverCapabilities) Has(capability DriverCapability) bool {
+	if c[DriverCapabilityAll] {
+		return true
+	}
+	return c[capability]
+}
+
+// Any checks whether any of the specified capabilites are set
+func (c DriverCapabilities) Any(capabilities ...DriverCapability) bool {
+	for _, cap := range capabilities {
+		if c.Has(cap) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}

internal/config/image/cuda_image.go

@@ -26,11 +26,12 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	envCUDAVersion      = "CUDA_VERSION"
+	envCUDAVersion          = "CUDA_VERSION"
-	envNVRequirePrefix  = "NVIDIA_REQUIRE_"
+	envNVRequirePrefix      = "NVIDIA_REQUIRE_"
-	envNVRequireCUDA    = envNVRequirePrefix + "CUDA"
+	envNVRequireCUDA        = envNVRequirePrefix + "CUDA"
-	envNVRequireJetpack = envNVRequirePrefix + "JETPACK"
+	envNVRequireJetpack     = envNVRequirePrefix + "JETPACK"
-	envNVDisableRequire = "NVIDIA_DISABLE_REQUIRE"
+	envNVDisableRequire     = "NVIDIA_DISABLE_REQUIRE"
+	envNVDriverCapabilities = "NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES"
 )
 
 // CUDA represents a CUDA image that can be used for GPU computing. This wraps
@@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ func (i CUDA) HasDisableRequire() bool {
 }
 
 // DevicesFromEnvvars returns the devices requested by the image through environment variables
-func (i CUDA) DevicesFromEnvvars(envVars ...string) []string {
+func (i CUDA) DevicesFromEnvvars(envVars ...string) VisibleDevices {
 	// Grab a reference to devices from the first envvar
 	// in the list that actually exists in the environment.
 	var devices *string
@@ -126,20 +127,28 @@ func (i CUDA) DevicesFromEnvvars(envVars ...string) []string {
 
 	// Environment variable unset with legacy image: default to "all".
 	if devices == nil && i.IsLegacy() {
-		return []string{"all"}
+		return newVisibleDevices("all")
 	}
 
 	// Environment variable unset or empty or "void": return nil
 	if devices == nil || len(*devices) == 0 || *devices == "void" {
-		return nil
+		return newVisibleDevices("void")
 	}
 
 	// Environment variable set to "none": reset to "".
-	if *devices == "none" {
+	return newVisibleDevices(*devices)
-		return []string{""}
+}
+
+// GetDriverCapabilities returns the requested driver capabilities.
+func (i CUDA) GetDriverCapabilities() DriverCapabilities {
+	env := i[envNVDriverCapabilities]
+
+	capabilites := make(DriverCapabilities)
+	for _, c := range strings.Split(env, ",") {
+		capabilites[DriverCapability(c)] = true
 	}
 
-	return strings.Split(*devices, ",")
+	return capabilites
 }
 
 func (i CUDA) legacyVersion() (string, error) {

internal/config/image/devices.go

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+/**
+# Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+**/
+
+package image
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// VisibleDevices represents the devices selected in a container image
+// through the NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES or other environment variables
+type VisibleDevices interface {
+	List() []string
+	Has(string) bool
+}
+
+var _ VisibleDevices = (*all)(nil)
+var _ VisibleDevices = (*none)(nil)
+var _ VisibleDevices = (*void)(nil)
+var _ VisibleDevices = (*devices)(nil)
+
+// newVisibleDevices creates a VisibleDevices based on the value of the specified envvar.
+func newVisibleDevices(envvar string) VisibleDevices {
+	if envvar == "all" {
+		return all{}
+	}
+	if envvar == "none" {
+		return none{}
+	}
+	if envvar == "" || envvar == "void" {
+		return void{}
+	}
+
+	return newDevices(envvar)
+}
+
+type all struct{}
+
+// List returns ["all"] for all devices
+func (a all) List() []string {
+	return []string{"all"}
+}
+
+// Has for all devices is true for any id except the empty ID
+func (a all) Has(id string) bool {
+	return id != ""
+}
+
+type none struct{}
+
+// List returns [""] for the none devices
+func (n none) List() []string {
+	return []string{""}
+}
+
+// Has for none devices is false for any id
+func (n none) Has(id string) bool {
+	return false
+}
+
+type void struct {
+	none
+}
+
+// List returns nil for the void devices
+func (v void) List() []string {
+	return nil
+}
+
+type devices struct {
+	len    int
+	lookup map[string]int
+}
+
+func newDevices(idOrCommaSeparated ...string) devices {
+	lookup := make(map[string]int)
+
+	i := 0
+	for _, commaSeparated := range idOrCommaSeparated {
+		for _, id := range strings.Split(commaSeparated, ",") {
+			lookup[id] = i
+			i++
+		}
+	}
+
+	d := devices{
+		len:    i,
+		lookup: lookup,
+	}
+	return d
+}
+
+// List returns the list of requested devices
+func (d devices) List() []string {
+	list := make([]string, d.len)
+
+	for id, i := range d.lookup {
+		list[i] = id
+	}
+
+	return list
+}
+
+// Has checks whether the specified ID is in the set of requested devices
+func (d devices) Has(id string) bool {
+	if id == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	_, exist := d.lookup[id]
+	return exist
+}

internal/discover/filter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/**
+# Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+**/
+
+package discover
+
+import "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+// Filter defines an interface for filtering discovered entities
+type Filter interface {
+	DeviceIsSelected(device Device) bool
+}
+
+// filtered represents a filtered discoverer
+type filtered struct {
+	Discover
+	logger *logrus.Logger
+	filter Filter
+}
+
+// newFilteredDisoverer creates a discoverer that applies the specified filter to the returned entities of the discoverer
+func newFilteredDisoverer(logger *logrus.Logger, applyTo Discover, filter Filter) Discover {
+	return filtered{
+		Discover: applyTo,
+		logger:   logger,
+		filter:   filter,
+	}
+}
+
+// Devices returns a filtered list of devices based on the specified filter.
+func (d filtered) Devices() ([]Device, error) {
+	devices, err := d.Discover.Devices()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if d.filter == nil {
+		return devices, nil
+	}
+
+	var selected []Device
+	for _, device := range devices {
+		if d.filter.DeviceIsSelected(device) {
+			selected = append(selected, device)
+		}
+		d.logger.Debugf("skipping device %v", device)
+	}
+
+	return selected, nil
+}

internal/discover/graphics.go

@@ -18,13 +18,21 @@ package discover
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 
+	"github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/internal/config/image"
+	"github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/internal/info/drm"
+	"github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/internal/info/proc"
 	"github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/internal/lookup"
+	"github.com/container-orchestrated-devices/container-device-interface/pkg/cdi"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 // NewGraphicsDiscoverer returns the discoverer for graphics tools such as Vulkan.
-func NewGraphicsDiscoverer(logger *logrus.Logger, root string) (Discover, error) {
+func NewGraphicsDiscoverer(logger *logrus.Logger, devices image.VisibleDevices, cfg *Config) (Discover, error) {
+	root := cfg.Root
+
 	locator, err := lookup.NewLibraryLocator(logger, root)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to construct library locator: %v", err)
@@ -54,10 +62,193 @@ func NewGraphicsDiscoverer(logger *logrus.Logger, root string) (Discover, error)
 		},
 	)
 
+	drmDeviceNodes, err := newDRMDeviceDiscoverer(logger, devices, root)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create DRM device discoverer: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	drmByPathSymlinks := newCreateDRMByPathSymlinks(logger, drmDeviceNodes, cfg)
+
 	discover := Merge(
+		Merge(drmDeviceNodes, drmByPathSymlinks),
 		libraries,
 		jsonMounts,
 	)
 
 	return discover, nil
 }
+
+type drmDevicesByPath struct {
+	None
+	logger                  *logrus.Logger
+	lookup                  lookup.Locator
+	nvidiaCTKExecutablePath string
+	root                    string
+	devicesFrom             Discover
+}
+
+// newCreateDRMByPathSymlinks creates a discoverer for a hook to create the by-path symlinks for DRM devices discovered by the specified devices discoverer
+func newCreateDRMByPathSymlinks(logger *logrus.Logger, devices Discover, cfg *Config) Discover {
+	d := drmDevicesByPath{
+		logger:                  logger,
+		lookup:                  lookup.NewExecutableLocator(logger, cfg.Root),
+		nvidiaCTKExecutablePath: cfg.NVIDIAContainerToolkitCLIExecutablePath,
+		root:                    cfg.Root,
+		devicesFrom:             devices,
+	}
+
+	return &d
+}
+
+// Hooks returns a hook to create the symlinks from the required CSV files
+func (d drmDevicesByPath) Hooks() ([]Hook, error) {
+	devices, err := d.devicesFrom.Devices()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to discover devices for by-path symlinks: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(devices) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	hookPath := nvidiaCTKDefaultFilePath
+	targets, err := d.lookup.Locate(d.nvidiaCTKExecutablePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		d.logger.Warnf("Failed to locate %v: %v", d.nvidiaCTKExecutablePath, err)
+	} else if len(targets) == 0 {
+		d.logger.Warnf("%v not found", d.nvidiaCTKExecutablePath)
+	} else {
+		d.logger.Debugf("Found %v candidates: %v", d.nvidiaCTKExecutablePath, targets)
+		hookPath = targets[0]
+	}
+	d.logger.Debugf("Using NVIDIA Container Toolkit CLI path %v", hookPath)
+
+	args := []string{hookPath, "hook", "create-symlinks"}
+	links, err := d.getSpecificLinkArgs(devices)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to determine specific links: %v", err)
+	}
+	for _, l := range links {
+		args = append(args, "--link", l)
+	}
+
+	h := Hook{
+		Lifecycle: cdi.CreateContainerHook,
+		Path:      hookPath,
+		Args:      args,
+	}
+
+	return []Hook{h}, nil
+}
+
+// getSpecificLinkArgs returns the required specic links that need to be created
+func (d drmDevicesByPath) getSpecificLinkArgs(devices []Device) ([]string, error) {
+	selectedDevices := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, d := range devices {
+		selectedDevices[filepath.Base(d.HostPath)] = true
+	}
+
+	linkLocator := lookup.NewFileLocator(d.logger, d.root)
+	candidates, err := linkLocator.Locate("/dev/dri/by-path/pci-*-*")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to locate devices by path: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var links []string
+	for _, c := range candidates {
+		device, err := os.Readlink(c)
+		if err != nil {
+			d.logger.Warningf("Failed to evaluate symlink %v; ignoring", c)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if selectedDevices[filepath.Base(device)] {
+			d.logger.Debugf("adding device symlink %v -> %v", c, device)
+			links = append(links, fmt.Sprintf("%v::%v", device, c))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return links, nil
+}
+
+// newDRMDeviceDiscoverer creates a discoverer for the DRM devices associated with the requested devices.
+func newDRMDeviceDiscoverer(logger *logrus.Logger, devices image.VisibleDevices, root string) (Discover, error) {
+	allDevices := NewDeviceDiscoverer(
+		logger,
+		lookup.NewCharDeviceLocator(logger, root),
+		root,
+		[]string{
+			"/dev/dri/card*",
+			"/dev/dri/renderD*",
+		},
+	)
+
+	filter, err := newDRMDeviceFilter(logger, devices, root)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to construct DRM device filter: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// We return a discoverer that applies the DRM device filter created above to all discovered DRM device nodes.
+	d := newFilteredDisoverer(
+		logger,
+		allDevices,
+		filter,
+	)
+
+	return d, err
+}
+
+// newDRMDeviceFilter creates a filter that matches DRM devices nodes for the visible devices.
+func newDRMDeviceFilter(logger *logrus.Logger, devices image.VisibleDevices, root string) (Filter, error) {
+	gpuInformationPaths, err := proc.GetInformationFilePaths(root)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read GPU information: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var selectedBusIds []string
+	for _, f := range gpuInformationPaths {
+		info, err := proc.ParseGPUInformationFile(f)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %v: %v", f, err)
+		}
+		uuid := info[proc.GPUInfoGPUUUID]
+		busID := info[proc.GPUInfoBusLocation]
+		minor := info[proc.GPUInfoDeviceMinor]
+
+		if devices.Has(minor) || devices.Has(uuid) || devices.Has(busID) {
+			selectedBusIds = append(selectedBusIds, busID)
+		}
+	}
+
+	filter := make(selectDeviceByPath)
+	for _, busID := range selectedBusIds {
+		drmDeviceNodes, err := drm.GetDeviceNodesByBusID(busID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to determine DRM devices for %v: %v", busID, err)
+		}
+		for _, drmDeviceNode := range drmDeviceNodes {
+			filter[filepath.Join(drmDeviceNode)] = true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return filter, nil
+}
+
+// selectDeviceByPath is a filter that allows devices to be selected by the path
+type selectDeviceByPath map[string]bool
+
+var _ Filter = (*selectDeviceByPath)(nil)
+
+// DeviceIsSelected determines whether the device's path has been selected
+func (s selectDeviceByPath) DeviceIsSelected(device Device) bool {
+	return s[device.Path]
+}
+
+// MountIsSelected is always true
+func (s selectDeviceByPath) MountIsSelected(Mount) bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+// HookIsSelected is always true
+func (s selectDeviceByPath) HookIsSelected(Hook) bool {
+	return true
+}

internal/discover/symlinks.go

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ func (d symlinks) getSpecificLinkArgs() ([]string, error) {
 		}
 
 		linkPath := filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(m.Path), link)
-		links = append(links, "--link", fmt.Sprintf("%v:%v", target, linkPath))
+		links = append(links, "--link", fmt.Sprintf("%v::%v", target, linkPath))
 		linkProcessed[link] = true
 	}
 

internal/info/drm/drm_devices.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/**
+# Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+**/
+
+package drm
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"path/filepath"
+)
+
+// GetDeviceNodesByBusID returns the DRM devices associated with the specified PCI bus ID
+func GetDeviceNodesByBusID(busID string) ([]string, error) {
+	drmRoot := filepath.Join("/sys/bus/pci/devices", busID, "drm")
+	matches, err := filepath.Glob(fmt.Sprintf("%s/*", drmRoot))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var drmDeviceNodes []string
+	for _, m := range matches {
+		drmDeviceNode := filepath.Join("/dev/dri", filepath.Base(m))
+		drmDeviceNodes = append(drmDeviceNodes, drmDeviceNode)
+	}
+
+	return drmDeviceNodes, nil
+}

internal/info/proc/information_files.go

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/**
+# Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+**/
+
+package proc
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// GPUInfoField represents the field name for information specified in a GPU's information file
+type GPUInfoField string
+
+// The following constants define the fields of interest from the GPU information file
+const (
+	GPUInfoModel       = GPUInfoField("Model")
+	GPUInfoGPUUUID     = GPUInfoField("GPU UUID")
+	GPUInfoBusLocation = GPUInfoField("Bus Location")
+	GPUInfoDeviceMinor = GPUInfoField("Device Minor")
+)
+
+// GPUInfo stores the information for a GPU as determined from its associated information file
+type GPUInfo map[GPUInfoField]string
+
+// GetInformationFilePaths returns the list of information files associated with NVIDIA GPUs.
+func GetInformationFilePaths(root string) ([]string, error) {
+	return filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(root, "/proc/driver/nvidia/gpus/*/information"))
+}
+
+// ParseGPUInformationFile parses the specified GPU information file and constructs a GPUInfo structure
+func ParseGPUInformationFile(path string) (GPUInfo, error) {
+	infoFile, err := os.Open(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open %v: %v", path, err)
+	}
+	defer infoFile.Close()
+
+	return gpuInfoFrom(infoFile), nil
+}
+
+// gpuInfoFrom parses a GPUInfo struct from the specified reader
+// An information file has the following strucutre:
+// $ cat /proc/driver/nvidia/gpus/0000\:06\:00.0/information
+// Model:           Tesla V100-SXM2-16GB
+// IRQ:             408
+// GPU UUID:        GPU-edfee158-11c1-52b8-0517-92f30e7fac88
+// Video BIOS:      88.00.41.00.01
+// Bus Type:        PCIe
+// DMA Size:        47 bits
+// DMA Mask:        0x7fffffffffff
+// Bus Location:    0000:06:00.0
+// Device Minor:    0
+// GPU Excluded:    No
+func gpuInfoFrom(reader io.Reader) GPUInfo {
+	info := make(GPUInfo)
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(reader)
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		line := scanner.Text()
+
+		parts := strings.SplitN(line, ":", 2)
+		if len(parts) != 2 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		field := GPUInfoField(parts[0])
+		value := strings.TrimSpace(parts[1])
+
+		info[field] = value
+	}
+
+	return info
+}

internal/modifier/cdi.go

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func getDevicesFromSpec(ociSpec oci.Spec) ([]string, error) {
 	}
 
 	uniqueDevices := make(map[string]struct{})
-	for _, name := range append(envDevices, annotationDevices...) {
+	for _, name := range append(envDevices.List(), annotationDevices...) {
 		if !cdi.IsQualifiedName(name) {
 			name = cdi.QualifiedName("nvidia.com", "gpu", name)
 		}

internal/modifier/csv.go

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func NewCSVModifier(logger *logrus.Logger, cfg *config.Config, ociSpec oci.Spec)
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	if devices := image.DevicesFromEnvvars(visibleDevicesEnvvar); len(devices) == 0 {
+	if devices := image.DevicesFromEnvvars(visibleDevicesEnvvar); len(devices.List()) == 0 {
 		logger.Infof("No modification required; no devices requested")
 		return nil, nil
 	}

internal/modifier/gds.go

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func NewGDSModifier(logger *logrus.Logger, cfg *config.Config, ociSpec oci.Spec)
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	if devices := image.DevicesFromEnvvars(visibleDevicesEnvvar); len(devices) == 0 {
+	if devices := image.DevicesFromEnvvars(visibleDevicesEnvvar); len(devices.List()) == 0 {
 		logger.Infof("No modification required; no devices requested")
 		return nil, nil
 	}

internal/modifier/graphics.go

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ package modifier
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/internal/config"
 	"github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/internal/config/image"
@@ -40,28 +39,36 @@ func NewGraphicsModifier(logger *logrus.Logger, cfg *config.Config, ociSpec oci.
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	if devices := image.DevicesFromEnvvars(visibleDevicesEnvvar); len(devices) == 0 {
+	if required, reason := requiresGraphicsModifier(image); !required {
-		logger.Infof("No modification required; no devices requested")
+		logger.Infof("No graphics modifier required: %v", reason)
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
-	var hasGraphics bool
+	config := &discover.Config{
-	for _, c := range strings.Split(image["NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES"], ",") {
+		Root:                                    cfg.NVIDIAContainerCLIConfig.Root,
-		if c == "graphics" || c == "all" {
+		NVIDIAContainerToolkitCLIExecutablePath: cfg.NVIDIACTKConfig.Path,
-			hasGraphics = true
-			break
-		}
 	}
-
+	d, err := discover.NewGraphicsDiscoverer(
-	if !hasGraphics {
+		logger,
-		logger.Debugf("Capability %q not selected", "graphics")
+		image.DevicesFromEnvvars(visibleDevicesEnvvar),
-		return nil, nil
+		config,
-	}
+	)
-
-	d, err := discover.NewGraphicsDiscoverer(logger, cfg.NVIDIAContainerCLIConfig.Root)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to construct discoverer: %v", err)
 	}
 
 	return NewModifierFromDiscoverer(logger, d)
 }
+
+// requiresGraphicsModifier determines whether a graphics modifier is required.
+func requiresGraphicsModifier(cudaImage image.CUDA) (bool, string) {
+	if devices := cudaImage.DevicesFromEnvvars(visibleDevicesEnvvar); len(devices.List()) == 0 {
+		return false, "no devices requested"
+	}
+
+	if !cudaImage.GetDriverCapabilities().Any(image.DriverCapabilityGraphics, image.DriverCapabilityDisplay) {
+		return false, "no required capabilities requested"
+	}
+
+	return true, ""
+}

internal/modifier/graphics_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/**
+# Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+**/
+
+package modifier
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/internal/config/image"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestGraphicsModifier(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		description      string
+		cudaImage        image.CUDA
+		expectedRequired bool
+	}{
+		{
+			description: "empty image does not create modifier",
+		},
+		{
+			description: "devices with no capabilities does not create modifier",
+			cudaImage: image.CUDA{
+				"NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES": "all",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			description: "devices with no non-graphics does not create modifier",
+			cudaImage: image.CUDA{
+				"NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES":     "all",
+				"NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES": "compute",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			description: "devices with all capabilities creates modifier",
+			cudaImage: image.CUDA{
+				"NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES":     "all",
+				"NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES": "all",
+			},
+			expectedRequired: true,
+		},
+		{
+			description: "devices with graphics capability creates modifier",
+			cudaImage: image.CUDA{
+				"NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES":     "all",
+				"NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES": "graphics",
+			},
+			expectedRequired: true,
+		},
+		{
+			description: "devices with compute,graphics capability creates modifier",
+			cudaImage: image.CUDA{
+				"NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES":     "all",
+				"NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES": "compute,graphics",
+			},
+			expectedRequired: true,
+		},
+		{
+			description: "devices with display capability creates modifier",
+			cudaImage: image.CUDA{
+				"NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES":     "all",
+				"NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES": "display",
+			},
+			expectedRequired: true,
+		},
+		{
+			description: "devices with display,graphics capability creates modifier",
+			cudaImage: image.CUDA{
+				"NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES":     "all",
+				"NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES": "display,graphics",
+			},
+			expectedRequired: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.description, func(t *testing.T) {
+			required, _ := requiresGraphicsModifier(tc.cudaImage)
+			require.EqualValues(t, tc.expectedRequired, required)
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/modifier/mofed.go

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func NewMOFEDModifier(logger *logrus.Logger, cfg *config.Config, ociSpec oci.Spe
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	if devices := image.DevicesFromEnvvars(visibleDevicesEnvvar); len(devices) == 0 {
+	if devices := image.DevicesFromEnvvars(visibleDevicesEnvvar); len(devices.List()) == 0 {
 		logger.Infof("No modification required; no devices requested")
 		return nil, nil
 	}