Add a hook to update nvidia params

If required, this hook creates a modified params file (with ModifyDeviceFiles: 0) in a tmpfs
and mounts this over /proc/driver/nvidia/params.

This prevents device node creation when running tools such as nvidia-smi.

Signed-off-by: Evan Lezar <elezar@nvidia.com>

cmd/nvidia-cdi-hook/commands/commands.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	symlinks "github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/cmd/nvidia-cdi-hook/create-symlinks"
 	"github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/cmd/nvidia-cdi-hook/cudacompat"
 	ldcache "github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/cmd/nvidia-cdi-hook/update-ldcache"
+	nvidiaparams "github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/cmd/nvidia-cdi-hook/update-nvidia-params"
 	"github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/internal/logger"
 )
 
@@ -34,5 +35,6 @@ func New(logger logger.Interface) []*cli.Command {
 		symlinks.NewCommand(logger),
 		chmod.NewCommand(logger),
 		cudacompat.NewCommand(logger),
+		nvidiaparams.NewCommand(logger),
 	}
 }

cmd/nvidia-cdi-hook/update-nvidia-params/mount_linux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+//go:build linux
+// +build linux
+
+/**
+# Copyright (c) 2025, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+**/
+
+package nvidiaparams
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+)
+
+func createTmpFs(target string, size int) error {
+	return unix.Mount("tmpfs", target, "tmpfs", 0, fmt.Sprintf("size=%d", size))
+}
+
+func bindMountReadonly(source string, target string) error {
+	return unix.Mount(source, target, "", unix.MS_BIND|unix.MS_RDONLY|unix.MS_NOSYMFOLLOW, "")
+}

cmd/nvidia-cdi-hook/update-nvidia-params/mount_other.go

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//go:build !linux
+// +build !linux
+
+/**
+# Copyright (c) 2025, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+**/
+
+package nvidiaparams
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+func createTmpFs(target string, size int) error {
+	return fmt.Errorf("not supported")
+}
+
+func bindMountReadonly(source string, target string) error {
+	return fmt.Errorf("not supported")
+}

cmd/nvidia-cdi-hook/update-nvidia-params/update-nvidia-params.go

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+/**
+# Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+**/
+
+package nvidiaparams
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+
+	"github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/internal/logger"
+	"github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit/internal/oci"
+)
+
+const (
+	nvidiaDriverParamsPath = "/proc/driver/nvidia/params"
+)
+
+type command struct {
+	logger logger.Interface
+}
+
+type options struct {
+	containerSpec string
+}
+
+// NewCommand constructs an update-nvidia-params command with the specified logger
+func NewCommand(logger logger.Interface) *cli.Command {
+	c := command{
+		logger: logger,
+	}
+	return c.build()
+}
+
+// build the update-nvidia-params command
+func (m command) build() *cli.Command {
+	cfg := options{}
+
+	// Create the 'update-nvidia-params' command
+	c := cli.Command{
+		Name:  "update-nvidia-params",
+		Usage: "Update the /proc/driver/nvidia/params file in the container to disable device node modification.",
+		Before: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+			return m.validateFlags(c, &cfg)
+		},
+		Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
+			return m.run(c, &cfg)
+		},
+	}
+
+	c.Flags = []cli.Flag{
+		&cli.StringFlag{
+			Name:        "container-spec",
+			Hidden:      true,
+			Usage:       "Specify the path to the OCI container spec. If empty or '-' the spec will be read from STDIN",
+			Destination: &cfg.containerSpec,
+		},
+	}
+
+	return &c
+}
+
+func (m command) validateFlags(c *cli.Context, cfg *options) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m command) run(c *cli.Context, cfg *options) error {
+	// TODO: Do we need to prefix the driver root?
+	hostNvidiaParamsFile, err := os.Open(nvidiaDriverParamsPath)
+	if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to load params file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer hostNvidiaParamsFile.Close()
+
+	s, err := oci.LoadContainerState(cfg.containerSpec)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to load container state: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	containerRoot, err := s.GetContainerRoot()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to determined container root: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return m.updateNvidiaParamsFromReader(hostNvidiaParamsFile, containerRoot)
+}
+
+func (m command) updateNvidiaParamsFromReader(r io.Reader, containerRoot string) error {
+	modifiedContents, err := m.getModifiedParamsFileContentsFromReader(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to generate modified contents: %w", err)
+	}
+	if len(modifiedContents) == 0 {
+		m.logger.Debugf("No modification required")
+		return nil
+	}
+	return createParamsFileInContainer(containerRoot, modifiedContents)
+}
+
+// getModifiedParamsFileContentsFromReader returns the contents of a modified params file from the specified reader.
+func (m command) getModifiedParamsFileContentsFromReader(r io.Reader) ([]byte, error) {
+	var modified bytes.Buffer
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(r)
+
+	var requiresModification bool
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		line := scanner.Text()
+		if strings.HasPrefix(line, "ModifyDeviceFiles: ") {
+			if line == "ModifyDeviceFiles: 0" {
+				m.logger.Debugf("Device node modification is already disabled")
+				return nil, nil
+			}
+			if line == "ModifyDeviceFiles: 1" {
+				line = "ModifyDeviceFiles: 0"
+				requiresModification = true
+			}
+		}
+		if _, err := modified.WriteString(line + "\n"); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create output buffer: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read params file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if !requiresModification {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	return modified.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
+func createParamsFileInContainer(containerRoot string, contents []byte) error {
+	if len(contents) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	tempParamsFileName, err := createFileInTempfs("nvct-params", contents, 0o444)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create temporary file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := bindMountReadonly(tempParamsFileName, filepath.Join(containerRoot, nvidiaDriverParamsPath)); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create temporary parms file mount: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// createFileInTempfs creates a file with the specified name, contents, and mode in a tmpfs.
+// A tmpfs is created at /tmp/nvct-emtpy-dir* with a size sufficient for the specified contents.
+func createFileInTempfs(name string, contents []byte, mode os.FileMode) (string, error) {
+	tmpRoot, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "nvct-empty-dir*")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create temporary folder: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := createTmpFs(tmpRoot, len(contents)); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create tmpfs mount for params file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	filename := filepath.Join(tmpRoot, name)
+	fileInTempfs, err := os.Create(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create temporary params file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer fileInTempfs.Close()
+
+	if _, err := fileInTempfs.Write(contents); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to write temporary params file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := fileInTempfs.Chmod(mode); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to set permissions on temporary params file: %w", err)
+	}
+	return filename, nil
+}

cmd/nvidia-cdi-hook/update-nvidia-params/update-nvidia-params_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package nvidiaparams
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"testing"
+
+	testlog "github.com/sirupsen/logrus/hooks/test"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestGetModifiedParamsFileContentsFromReader(t *testing.T) {
+	logger, _ := testlog.NewNullLogger()
+	testCases := map[string]struct {
+		contents         []byte
+		expectedError    error
+		expectedContents []byte
+	}{
+		"no contents": {
+			contents:         nil,
+			expectedError:    nil,
+			expectedContents: nil,
+		},
+		"other contents are ignored": {
+			contents: []byte(`# Some other content
+			that we don't care about
+			`),
+			expectedError:    nil,
+			expectedContents: nil,
+		},
+		"already zero requires no modification": {
+			contents:         []byte("ModifyDeviceFiles: 0"),
+			expectedError:    nil,
+			expectedContents: nil,
+		},
+		"leading spaces require no modification": {
+			contents: []byte("  ModifyDeviceFiles: 1"),
+		},
+		"Trailing spaces require no modification": {
+			contents: []byte("ModifyDeviceFiles: 1  "),
+		},
+		"Not 1 require no modification": {
+			contents: []byte("ModifyDeviceFiles: 11"),
+		},
+		"single line requires modification": {
+			contents:         []byte("ModifyDeviceFiles: 1"),
+			expectedError:    nil,
+			expectedContents: []byte("ModifyDeviceFiles: 0\n"),
+		},
+		"single line with trailing newline requires modification": {
+			contents:         []byte("ModifyDeviceFiles: 1\n"),
+			expectedError:    nil,
+			expectedContents: []byte("ModifyDeviceFiles: 0\n"),
+		},
+		"other content is maintained": {
+			contents: []byte(`ModifyDeviceFiles: 1
+			other content
+			that
+			is maintained`),
+			expectedError: nil,
+			expectedContents: []byte(`ModifyDeviceFiles: 0
+			other content
+			that
+			is maintained
+`),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for description, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(description, func(t *testing.T) {
+			c := command{
+				logger: logger,
+			}
+			contents, err := c.getModifiedParamsFileContentsFromReader(bytes.NewReader(tc.contents))
+			require.EqualValues(t, tc.expectedError, err)
+			require.EqualValues(t, string(tc.expectedContents), string(contents))
+		})
+	}
+
+}

cmd/nvidia-ctk-installer/container/toolkit/toolkit_test.go

@@ -102,6 +102,11 @@ containerEdits:
     - update-ldcache
     - --folder
     - /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
+  - hookName: createContainer
+    path: {{ .toolkitRoot }}/nvidia-cdi-hook
+    args:
+    - nvidia-cdi-hook
+    - update-nvidia-params
   mounts:
   - hostPath: /host/driver/root/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcuda.so.999.88.77
     containerPath: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcuda.so.999.88.77