diff --git a/src/context/userStates.js b/src/context/userStates.js
index d341377..41704b7 100644
--- a/src/context/userStates.js
+++ b/src/context/userStates.js
@@ -1,2 +1,11 @@
-const userStates = new Map();
+import { get, set, del, has, initStates } from '../services/stateService.js';
+
+const userStates = {
+    get: (chatId) => get(chatId),
+    set: (chatId, value) => set(chatId, value),
+    delete: (chatId) => del(chatId),
+    has: (chatId) => has(chatId),
+    initStates,
+};
+
 export default userStates;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/adminDumpHandler.js b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/adminDumpHandler.js
index 1849a98..3ff70bc 100644
--- a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/adminDumpHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/adminDumpHandler.js
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ export default class AdminDumpHandler {
 
         const chatId = callbackQuery.message.chat.id;
 
-        userStates.set(chatId, { action: 'upload_database_dump' });
+        await userStates.set(chatId, { action: 'upload_database_dump' });
 
         await bot.editMessageText(
             'Please upload database dump',
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ export default class AdminDumpHandler {
     static async handleDumpImport(msg) {
         const chatId = msg.chat.id;
 
-        const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+        const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
 
         if (!state || state.action !== 'upload_database_dump') {
             return false;
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ export default class AdminDumpHandler {
 
             const statistics = await this.getDumpStatistic();
             await bot.sendMessage(chatId, JSON.stringify(statistics, null, 2));
-            userStates.delete(chatId);
+            await userStates.delete(chatId);
         } else {
             await bot.sendMessage(chatId, 'Please upload a valid .zip file.');
             return true;
diff --git a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/adminLocationHandler.js b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/adminLocationHandler.js
index f431494..4eed60f 100644
--- a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/adminLocationHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/adminLocationHandler.js
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export default class AdminLocationHandler {
 
     const chatId = callbackQuery.message.chat.id;
     
-    userStates.set(chatId, { action: 'add_location' });
+    await userStates.set(chatId, { action: 'add_location' });
     
     await bot.editMessageText(
       'Please enter the location in the following format:\nCountry|City|District',
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ export default class AdminLocationHandler {
 
   static async handleLocationInput(msg) {
     const chatId = msg.chat.id;
-    const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+    const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
     
     if (!state || state.action !== 'add_location') {
       return false;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ export default class AdminLocationHandler {
         throw new Error('Failed to insert location');
       }
 
-      userStates.delete(chatId);
+      await userStates.delete(chatId);
     } catch (error) {
       await db.runAsync('ROLLBACK');
       
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ export default class AdminLocationHandler {
       return;
     }
 
-    userStates.delete(chatId);
+    await userStates.delete(chatId);
 
     try {
       const locations = await db.allAsync(`
@@ -362,6 +362,6 @@ export default class AdminLocationHandler {
         }
     );
 
-    userStates.delete(chatId);
+    await userStates.delete(chatId);
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/adminUserHandler.js b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/adminUserHandler.js
index 6ca3829..fff82af 100644
--- a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/adminUserHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/adminUserHandler.js
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ export default class AdminUserHandler {
                 }
             );
 
-            userStates.set(chatId, { action: "edit_bonus_balance", telegram_id: telegramId });
+            await userStates.set(chatId, { action: "edit_bonus_balance", telegram_id: telegramId });
         } catch (error) {
             logger.error({ err: error }, 'Error in handleEditUserBalance');
             await bot.sendMessage(chatId, 'Error loading user wallets. Please try again.');
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ export default class AdminUserHandler {
         }
 
         const chatId = msg.chat.id;
-        const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+        const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
 
         if (!state || state.action !== 'edit_bonus_balance') {
             return false;
@@ -482,6 +482,6 @@ export default class AdminUserHandler {
             await bot.sendMessage(chatId, 'Something went wrong');
         }
 
-        userStates.delete(chatId);
+        await userStates.delete(chatId);
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/categoryAddHandler.js b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/categoryAddHandler.js
index 652c756..ee9add0 100644
--- a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/categoryAddHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/categoryAddHandler.js
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ export default class CategoryAddHandler {
 
     static async handleCategoryInput(msg) {
         const chatId = msg.chat.id;
-        const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+        const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
 
         if (!state || !state.action?.startsWith('add_category_')) {
             return false;
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export default class CategoryAddHandler {
                 }
             );
 
-            userStates.delete(chatId);
+            await userStates.delete(chatId);
         } catch (error) {
             if (error.code === 'SQLITE_CONSTRAINT') {
                 await bot.sendMessage(chatId, 'This category already exists in this location.');
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export default class CategoryAddHandler {
         const chatId = callbackQuery.message.chat.id;
         const locationId = callbackQuery.data.replace('add_category_', '');
 
-        userStates.set(chatId, {action: `add_category_${locationId}`});
+        await userStates.set(chatId, {action: `add_category_${locationId}`});
 
         const location = await LocationService.getLocationById(locationId);
 
diff --git a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/categoryEditHandler.js b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/categoryEditHandler.js
index d9eccbb..30937cb 100644
--- a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/categoryEditHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/categoryEditHandler.js
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ export default class CategoryEditHandler {
 
     static async handleCategoryUpdate(msg) {
         const chatId = msg.chat.id;
-        const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+        const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
     
         if (!state || !state.action?.startsWith('edit_category_')) {
             return false;
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ export default class CategoryEditHandler {
                 }
             );
     
-            userStates.delete(chatId);
+            await userStates.delete(chatId);
         } catch (error) {
             logger.error({ err: error }, 'Error updating category');
             await bot.sendMessage(chatId, 'Ошибка обновления категории. Пожалуйста, попробуйте снова.');
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export default class CategoryEditHandler {
         const chatId = callbackQuery.message.chat.id;
         const [locationId, categoryId] = callbackQuery.data.replace('edit_category_', '').split('_');
     
-        userStates.set(chatId, { action: `edit_category_${locationId}_${categoryId}` });
+        await userStates.set(chatId, { action: `edit_category_${locationId}_${categoryId}` });
     
         await bot.editMessageText(
             'Пожалуйста, введите новое название категории:',
diff --git a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/createHandler.js b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/createHandler.js
index eed9ac1..f9dac0a 100644
--- a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/createHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/createHandler.js
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ export default class CreateHandler {
             const jsonExample = JSON.stringify(sampleProducts, null, 2);
             const message = `To add product, send a JSON file with product in the following format:\n\n<pre>${jsonExample}</pre>\n\nProduct must have all the fields shown above.\n\nYou can either:\n1. Send the JSON as text\n2. Upload a .json file`;
     
-            userStates.set(chatId, {
+            await userStates.set(chatId, {
                 action: 'import_products',
                 locationId,
                 categoryId
diff --git a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/districtHandler.js b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/districtHandler.js
index c8840ed..8f26b23 100644
--- a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/districtHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/districtHandler.js
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export default class DistrictHandler {
         const messageId = callbackQuery.message.message_id;
         const [country, city, district] = callbackQuery.data.replace('prod_district_', '').split('_');
 
-        userStates.delete(chatId);
+        await userStates.delete(chatId);
 
         try {
             const location = await LocationService.getLocation(country, city, district);
diff --git a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/editImportHandler.js b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/editImportHandler.js
index 4059a22..7118ef4 100644
--- a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/editImportHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/editImportHandler.js
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import logger from '../../../utils/logger.js';
 export default class EditImportHandler {
     static async handleProductEditImport(msg) {
         const chatId = msg.chat.id;
-        const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+        const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
 
         if (!state || state.action !== 'edit_product') {
             return false;
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ export default class EditImportHandler {
                 }
             });
 
-            userStates.delete(chatId);
+            await userStates.delete(chatId);
         } catch (error) {
             logger.error({ err: error }, 'Error importing products');
             await bot.sendMessage(chatId, 'Error importing products. Please check the data and try again.');
diff --git a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/editStartHandler.js b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/editStartHandler.js
index b86be94..e0b33f3 100644
--- a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/editStartHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/editStartHandler.js
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export default class EditStartHandler {
             const jsonExample = JSON.stringify(sampleProduct, null, 2);
             const message = `To edit product, send a JSON file with product data:\n\n<pre>${jsonExample}</pre>\n\nYou can either:\n1. Send the JSON as text\n2. Upload a .json file`;
 
-            userStates.set(chatId, {
+            await userStates.set(chatId, {
                 action: 'edit_product',
                 locationId,
                 categoryId,
diff --git a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/importHandler.js b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/importHandler.js
index 0debb6b..d7139c7 100644
--- a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/importHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/importHandler.js
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ export default class ImportHandler {
 
     static async handleProductImport(msg) {
         const chatId = msg.chat.id;
-        const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+        const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
         if (!state || state.action !== 'import_products') return false;
         if (!isAdmin(msg.from.id)) {
             await bot.sendMessage(chatId, 'Unauthorized access.');
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export default class ImportHandler {
                     inline_keyboard: [[{ text: '« Back to Products', callback_data: `prod_category_${state.locationId}_${state.categoryId}` }]]
                 }
             });
-            userStates.delete(chatId);
+            await userStates.delete(chatId);
         } catch (error) {
             logger.error({ err: error }, 'Error importing products');
             await bot.sendMessage(chatId, 'Error importing products. Please check the data and try again.');
diff --git a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/viewHandler.js b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/viewHandler.js
index cf349aa..620c4ab 100644
--- a/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/viewHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/adminHandlers/product/viewHandler.js
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export default class ViewHandler {
                 }
             }
     
-            userStates.set(chatId, {
+            await userStates.set(chatId, {
                 msgToDelete: [photoMessage.message_id, hiddenPhotoMessage.message_id]
             })
     
diff --git a/src/handlers/userHandlers/userProductHandler.js b/src/handlers/userHandlers/userProductHandler.js
index 8366cf9..fd2790d 100644
--- a/src/handlers/userHandlers/userProductHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/userHandlers/userProductHandler.js
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
             }
     
             // Сохраняем текстовое представление локации в состоянии пользователя
-            userStates.set(chatId, {
+            await userStates.set(chatId, {
                 location: `${country}_${city}_${district}`
             });
     
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
             await bot.deleteMessage(chatId, messageId);
     
             // Получаем состояние пользователя
-            const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+            const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
     
             // Удаляем сообщение с фотографией, если оно существует
             if (state && state.photoMessageId) {
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
             );
     
             // Сохраняем состояние пользователя
-            userStates.set(chatId, {
+            await userStates.set(chatId, {
                 ...state,
                 action: 'viewing_category',
                 categoryId,
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
             await bot.deleteMessage(chatId, messageId);
     
             // Получаем состояние пользователя
-            const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+            const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
     
             // Удаляем сообщение с фотографией, если оно существует
             if (state?.photoMessageId) {
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
             });
     
             // Сохраняем ID сообщения с фотографией и ID сообщения с товаром в состояние пользователя
-            userStates.set(chatId, {
+            await userStates.set(chatId, {
                 action: 'buying_product',
                 productId,
                 quantity: 1,
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
         const chatId = callbackQuery.message.chat.id;
         const messageId = callbackQuery.message.message_id;
         const productId = callbackQuery.data.replace('increase_quantity_', '');
-        const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+        const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
 
         try {
             const product = await ProductService.getProductById(productId);
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
             const newQuantity = Math.min(currentQuantity + 1, product.quantity_in_stock);
 
             // Update state
-            userStates.set(chatId, {
+            await userStates.set(chatId, {
                 ...state,
                 quantity: newQuantity
             });
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
         const chatId = callbackQuery.message.chat.id;
         const messageId = callbackQuery.message.message_id;
         const productId = callbackQuery.data.replace('decrease_quantity_', '');
-        const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+        const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
 
         try {
             const product = await ProductService.getProductById(productId)
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
             const newQuantity = Math.max(currentQuantity - 1, 1);
 
             // Update state
-            userStates.set(chatId, {
+            await userStates.set(chatId, {
                 ...state,
                 quantity: newQuantity
             });
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
         const chatId = callbackQuery.message.chat.id;
         const telegramId = callbackQuery.from.id;
         const productId = callbackQuery.data.replace('buy_product_', '');
-        const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+        const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
     
         try {
             const user = await UserService.getUserByTelegramId(telegramId);
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
             );
     
             // Сохранение ID сообщения с фотографией в состояние пользователя
-            userStates.set(chatId, {
+            await userStates.set(chatId, {
                 ...state,
                 photoMessageId: state?.photoMessageId || null,
                 purchaseMessageId: purchaseMessage.message_id
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
         const chatId = callbackQuery.message.chat.id;
         const telegramId = callbackQuery.from.id;
         const [walletType, productId, quantity] = callbackQuery.data.replace('pay_with_', '').split('_');
-        const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+        const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
     
         if (!Validators.isValidWalletType(walletType)) {
             await bot.sendMessage(chatId, 'Invalid wallet type.');
@@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
             const balance = user.total_balance + user.bonus_balance;
     
             if (totalPrice > balance) {
-                userStates.delete(chatId);
+                await userStates.delete(chatId);
                 await bot.editMessageText(`Not enough money`, {
                     chat_id: chatId,
                     message_id: callbackQuery.message.message_id,
@@ -738,7 +738,7 @@ export default class UserProductHandler {
             await bot.deleteMessage(chatId, callbackQuery.message.message_id);
     
             // Сохраняем ID сообщения с Hidden Photo в состояние пользователя
-            userStates.set(chatId, {
+            await userStates.set(chatId, {
                 action: 'viewing_purchase',
                 purchaseId,
                 hiddenPhotoMessageId: hiddenPhotoMessage ? hiddenPhotoMessage.message_id : null
diff --git a/src/handlers/userHandlers/userPurchaseHandler.js b/src/handlers/userHandlers/userPurchaseHandler.js
index 1c99d96..0fe96ee 100644
--- a/src/handlers/userHandlers/userPurchaseHandler.js
+++ b/src/handlers/userHandlers/userPurchaseHandler.js
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ export default class UserPurchaseHandler {
             }
     
             // Удаляем сообщение с Hidden Photo, если оно существует
-            const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+            const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
             if (state?.hiddenPhotoMessageId) {
                 try {
                     await bot.deleteMessage(chatId, state.hiddenPhotoMessageId);
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ export default class UserPurchaseHandler {
             });
     
             // Удаляем состояние пользователя
-            userStates.delete(chatId);
+            await userStates.delete(chatId);
         } catch (e) {
             logger.error({ err: e }, 'Error in handlePurchaseListPage');
             await bot.sendMessage(chatId, 'Error loading purchase history. Please try again.');
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ export default class UserPurchaseHandler {
             const category = await CategoryService.getCategoryById(product.category_id);
     
             // Удаляем старое сообщение с Hidden Photo, если оно существует
-            const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+            const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
             if (state?.hiddenPhotoMessageId) {
                 try {
                     await bot.deleteMessage(chatId, state.hiddenPhotoMessageId);
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ export default class UserPurchaseHandler {
             await bot.deleteMessage(chatId, callbackQuery.message.message_id);
     
             // Сохраняем ID сообщения с Hidden Photo в состояние пользователя
-            userStates.set(chatId, {
+            await userStates.set(chatId, {
                 action: 'viewing_purchase',
                 purchaseId,
                 hiddenPhotoMessageId: hiddenPhotoMessage ? hiddenPhotoMessage.message_id : null
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ export default class UserPurchaseHandler {
             await bot.deleteMessage(chatId, messageId);
     
             // Удаляем Hidden Photo, если оно существует
-            const state = userStates.get(chatId);
+            const state = await userStates.get(chatId);
             if (state?.hiddenPhotoMessageId) {
                 try {
                     await bot.deleteMessage(chatId, state.hiddenPhotoMessageId);
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ export default class UserPurchaseHandler {
             }
     
             // Удаляем состояние пользователя
-            userStates.delete(chatId);
+            await userStates.delete(chatId);
     
             // Открываем список покупок для пользователя
             await this.showPurchases({ chat: { id: chatId }, from: { id: callbackQuery.from.id } });
diff --git a/src/index.js b/src/index.js
index dab5227..f3935c1 100644
--- a/src/index.js
+++ b/src/index.js
@@ -8,8 +8,11 @@ import adminHandler from './handlers/adminHandlers/adminHandler.js';
 import callbackRouter from './router/callbackRouter.js';
 import messageRouter from './router/messageRouter.js';
 
+import { initStates } from './services/stateService.js';
+
 await runMigrations();
 await cleanUpInvalidForeignKeys();
+await initStates();
 
 const logDebug = (action, functionName) => {
     logger.debug({ action, functionName }, 'Button Press');
diff --git a/src/migrations/004_user_states.js b/src/migrations/004_user_states.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecd3cbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/migrations/004_user_states.js
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+export default async function migration004(db) {
+    await db.runAsync(`
+        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user_states (
+            chat_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+            state_data TEXT NOT NULL,
+            updated_at INTEGER NOT NULL
+        )
+    `);
+    console.log('Migration 004: user_states table created');
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/migrations/runner.js b/src/migrations/runner.js
index 7d5bd76..09e7355 100644
--- a/src/migrations/runner.js
+++ b/src/migrations/runner.js
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ export async function runMigrations() {
     (await import('./001_initial_schema.js')).default,
     (await import('./002_add_columns.js')).default,
     (await import('./003_add_indexes.js')).default,
+    (await import('./004_user_states.js')).default,
   ];
 
   for (let i = currentVersion; i < migrations.length; i++) {
diff --git a/src/services/stateService.js b/src/services/stateService.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9478dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/services/stateService.js
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+import db from '../config/database.js';
+import logger from '../utils/logger.js';
+
+const TTL_MS = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000; // 24 hours
+const CLEANUP_INTERVAL_MS = 60 * 60 * 1000; // 1 hour
+
+let initialized = false;
+
+export async function initStates() {
+    if (initialized) return;
+
+    await db.runAsync(`
+        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user_states (
+            chat_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+            state_data TEXT NOT NULL,
+            updated_at INTEGER NOT NULL
+        )
+    `);
+
+    initialized = true;
+    logger.info('user_states table initialized');
+
+    setInterval(cleanExpired, CLEANUP_INTERVAL_MS);
+    cleanExpired();
+}
+
+function serialize(value) {
+    if (value === undefined) return null;
+    return JSON.stringify(value);
+}
+
+function deserialize(json) {
+    if (!json) return undefined;
+    try {
+        return JSON.parse(json);
+    } catch {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+}
+
+export async function get(chatId) {
+    const row = await db.getAsync(
+        'SELECT state_data, updated_at FROM user_states WHERE chat_id = ?',
+        [String(chatId)]
+    );
+
+    if (!row) return undefined;
+
+    if (Date.now() - row.updated_at > TTL_MS) {
+        await db.runAsync('DELETE FROM user_states WHERE chat_id = ?', [String(chatId)]);
+        return undefined;
+    }
+
+    return deserialize(row.state_data);
+}
+
+export async function set(chatId, value) {
+    const data = serialize(value);
+    const now = Date.now();
+
+    await db.runAsync(
+        `INSERT INTO user_states (chat_id, state_data, updated_at)
+         VALUES (?, ?, ?)
+         ON CONFLICT(chat_id) DO UPDATE SET state_data = ?, updated_at = ?`,
+        [String(chatId), data, now, data, now]
+    );
+
+    return value;
+}
+
+export async function del(chatId) {
+    await db.runAsync('DELETE FROM user_states WHERE chat_id = ?', [String(chatId)]);
+}
+
+export async function has(chatId) {
+    const row = await db.getAsync(
+        'SELECT updated_at FROM user_states WHERE chat_id = ?',
+        [String(chatId)]
+    );
+
+    if (!row) return false;
+
+    if (Date.now() - row.updated_at > TTL_MS) {
+        await db.runAsync('DELETE FROM user_states WHERE chat_id = ?', [String(chatId)]);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+export async function cleanExpired() {
+    const cutoff = Date.now() - TTL_MS;
+    const result = await db.runAsync(
+        'DELETE FROM user_states WHERE updated_at < ?',
+        [cutoff]
+    );
+    if (result.changes > 0) {
+        logger.info({ expiredCount: result.changes }, 'Cleaned expired user states');
+    }
+}
+
+const userStates = { get, set, delete: del, has, initStates, cleanExpired };
+export default userStates;
\ No newline at end of file