/**
 * Bounded sharing and exclusive reservation of unpublished Sessions.
 * @module @deepseek-ai/dsh-session-persistence/preparations
 */

import type { Session, SessionId } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session'

interface PreparedSource {
  readonly session: Session
}

type PreparationPhase = 'loading' | 'ready' | 'committing' | 'reserved'

interface PreparationEntry<Source, CommitState> {
  readonly id: SessionId
  readonly result: Promise<Source>
  phase: PreparationPhase
  source?: Source
  reservation?: SessionPreparationReservation<Source, CommitState>
  reservationSettled?: Promise<void>
  settleReservation?: () => void
}

/** One exclusively held prepared source and its committed persistence state. */
export interface SessionPreparationReservation<Source, CommitState> {
  readonly entry: PreparationEntry<Source, CommitState>
  readonly source: Source
  readonly state: CommitState
}

/** Per-coordinator cold-read sharing, exclusive reservation, and ready-entry LRU. */
export class SessionPreparations<Source extends PreparedSource, CommitState> {
  private readonly entries = new Map<SessionId, PreparationEntry<Source, CommitState>>()

  constructor(private readonly capacity: number) {}

  /**
   * Whether this pool currently knows about an unpublished identity.
   * @param id - session identity.
   * @returns whether an entry exists for the identity.
   */
  has(id: SessionId): boolean {
    return this.entries.has(id)
  }

  /**
   * Observe one prepared source, sharing an in-flight read for the same id.
   * @param id - session identity.
   * @param load - cold loader used when no entry exists.
   * @param signal - optional cancellation signal while waiting.
   * @returns the shared prepared source.
   */
  async inspect(
    id: SessionId,
    load: () => Promise<Source>,
    signal?: AbortSignal,
  ): Promise<Source> {
    const entry = this.entryFor(id, load)
    const loaded = signal === undefined
      ? await entry.result
      : await observeQueuedAbort(entry.result, signal)
    const source = entry.source ?? loaded
    if (this.entries.get(id) === entry && entry.phase === 'ready') this.touch(entry)
    return source
  }

  /**
   * Reserve one ready source after committing its pending durable repair.
   * @param id - session identity.
   * @param load - cold loader used when no entry exists.
   * @param commit - durable repair and cursor-state commit.
   * @param signal - optional cancellation signal while waiting.
   * @returns the exclusive reservation, or undefined if its entry was invalidated.
   */
  async reserve(
    id: SessionId,
    load: () => Promise<Source>,
    commit: (source: Source) => Promise<{ source: Source; state: CommitState } | undefined>,
    signal?: AbortSignal,
  ): Promise<SessionPreparationReservation<Source, CommitState> | undefined> {
    const entry = this.entryFor(id, load)
    await (signal === undefined ? entry.result : observeQueuedAbort(entry.result, signal))
    while (this.entries.get(id) === entry && entry.phase !== 'ready') {
      const settled = entry.reservationSettled
      /* v8 ignore next -- committing/reserved transitions install this waiter synchronously. */
      if (settled === undefined) throw new Error(`session "${id}" preparation lost its reservation waiter`)
      if (signal === undefined) await settled
      else await observeQueuedAbort(settled, signal)
    }
    if (this.entries.get(id) !== entry) return undefined
    const source = entry.source as Source
    const reservationSettled = Promise.withResolvers<void>()
    entry.phase = 'committing'
    entry.reservationSettled = reservationSettled.promise
    entry.settleReservation = reservationSettled.resolve
    let committed: { source: Source; state: CommitState } | undefined
    try {
      committed = await commit(source)
    } catch (error: unknown) {
      this.remove(entry)
      throw error
    }
    if (committed === undefined) {
      this.remove(entry)
      return undefined
    }
    entry.source = committed.source
    try {
      signal?.throwIfAborted()
    } catch (error: unknown) {
      this.makeReady(entry)
      throw error
    }
    if (this.entries.get(id) !== entry) return undefined
    const reservation: SessionPreparationReservation<Source, CommitState> = {
      entry,
      source: committed.source,
      state: committed.state,
    }
    entry.phase = 'reserved'
    entry.reservation = reservation
    return reservation
  }

  /**
   * Return the exact reservation for Session publication, rejecting aliases.
   * @param session - exact Session candidate for publication.
   * @returns its reservation, or undefined when no preparation exists.
   */
  reservationFor(session: Session): SessionPreparationReservation<Source, CommitState> | undefined {
    const entry = this.entries.get(session.id)
    if (entry === undefined) return undefined
    if (entry.phase === 'reserved'
      && entry.source?.session === session
      && entry.reservation !== undefined) {
      return entry.reservation
    }
    throw new Error(`cannot publish session "${session.id}": persisted state already owns this identity`)
  }

  /**
   * Consume a reservation after its exact Session has attached.
   * @param reservation - reservation to consume.
   */
  attach(reservation: SessionPreparationReservation<Source, CommitState>): void {
    const { entry } = reservation
    if (this.entries.get(entry.id) !== entry || entry.reservation !== reservation) {
      throw new Error(`session "${entry.id}" preparation is no longer reserved`)
    }
    this.remove(entry)
  }

  /**
   * Consume a reservation whose caller only needs the committed inspection.
   * @param reservation - reservation to consume.
   */
  discard(reservation: SessionPreparationReservation<Source, CommitState>): void {
    const { entry } = reservation
    if (this.entries.get(entry.id) !== entry || entry.reservation !== reservation) return
    this.remove(entry)
  }

  /**
   * Return a reusable unpublished reservation to the ready LRU.
   * @param reservation - reservation to release.
   * @param reusable - whether the source remains valid for reuse.
   */
  release(
    reservation: SessionPreparationReservation<Source, CommitState>,
    reusable: boolean,
  ): void {
    const { entry } = reservation
    if (this.entries.get(entry.id) !== entry
      || entry.reservation !== reservation
      || entry.phase !== 'reserved') return
    if (!reusable) {
      this.remove(entry)
      return
    }
    delete entry.reservation
    this.makeReady(entry)
  }

  /**
   * Discard a prepared view after the durable log changes.
   * @param id - changed session identity.
   */
  invalidate(id: SessionId): void {
    const entry = this.entries.get(id)
    if (entry !== undefined) this.remove(entry)
  }

  /**
   * Discard an exact stale ready source without disturbing an exclusive owner.
   * @param id - changed session identity.
   * @param expected - exact source observed before its revision check.
   * @returns whether the source was discarded, retained by a reservation, or is absent.
   */
  discardReady(id: SessionId, expected: Source): 'discarded' | 'retained' | 'missing' {
    const entry = this.entries.get(id)
    if (entry === undefined || entry.source !== expected) return 'missing'
    if (entry.phase !== 'ready') return 'retained'
    this.remove(entry)
    return 'discarded'
  }

  /**
   * Reject writes while an unpublished Session exclusively reserves the id.
   * @param id - session identity to check.
   */
  assertWritable(id: SessionId): void {
    const phase = this.entries.get(id)?.phase
    if (phase === 'committing' || phase === 'reserved') {
      throw new Error(`cannot append session "${id}" while its persisted preparation is reserved`)
    }
  }

  /**
   * Remove a completed entry for an already-serialized append adoption.
   * @param id - adopted session identity.
   * @returns the prepared source, or undefined when no ready entry exists.
   */
  takeReady(id: SessionId): Source | undefined {
    const entry = this.entries.get(id)
    if (entry === undefined || entry.phase !== 'ready' || entry.source === undefined) return undefined
    this.remove(entry)
    return entry.source
  }

  private entryFor(
    id: SessionId,
    load: () => Promise<Source>,
  ): PreparationEntry<Source, CommitState> {
    const existing = this.entries.get(id)
    if (existing !== undefined) return existing
    const deferred = Promise.withResolvers<Source>()
    const entry: PreparationEntry<Source, CommitState> = {
      id,
      result: deferred.promise,
      phase: 'loading',
    }
    this.entries.set(id, entry)
    let loading: Promise<Source>
    try {
      // Start immediately so a same-tick serialized append queues behind this
      // read. The deferred result settles only after the entry becomes ready.
      loading = load()
    } catch (error: unknown) {
      this.remove(entry)
      deferred.reject(error)
      return entry
    }
    void loading.then((source) => {
      if (this.entries.get(id) === entry) {
        entry.source = source
        this.makeReady(entry)
      }
      deferred.resolve(source)
    }, (error: unknown) => {
      this.remove(entry)
      deferred.reject(error)
    })
    return entry
  }

  private makeReady(entry: PreparationEntry<Source, CommitState>): void {
    if (this.entries.get(entry.id) !== entry) return
    entry.phase = 'ready'
    const settle = entry.settleReservation
    delete entry.reservationSettled
    delete entry.settleReservation
    settle?.()
    this.touch(entry)
  }

  private remove(entry: PreparationEntry<Source, CommitState>): void {
    if (this.entries.get(entry.id) !== entry) return
    this.entries.delete(entry.id)
    const settle = entry.settleReservation
    delete entry.reservationSettled
    delete entry.settleReservation
    settle?.()
  }

  private touch(entry: PreparationEntry<Source, CommitState>): void {
    this.entries.delete(entry.id)
    this.entries.set(entry.id, entry)
    let readyCount = 0
    for (const candidate of this.entries.values()) {
      if (candidate.phase === 'ready') readyCount += 1
    }
    if (readyCount <= this.capacity) return
    for (const [id, candidate] of this.entries) {
      if (candidate.phase !== 'ready') continue
      this.entries.delete(id)
      return
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Give a queued observer a prompt cancellation view without cancelling shared work.
 * @param operation - shared operation whose settlement remains authoritative.
 * @param signal - observer-local cancellation signal.
 * @param started - whether the operation has crossed its cancellation cutoff.
 * @returns the operation result or the observer's prompt cancellation.
 */
export function observeQueuedAbort<T>(
  operation: Promise<T>,
  signal: AbortSignal,
  started: () => boolean = () => false,
): Promise<T> {
  return new Promise<T>((resolve, reject) => {
    let settled = false
    const finish = (callback: () => void): void => {
      if (settled) return
      settled = true
      signal.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort)
      callback()
    }
    const onAbort = (): void => {
      if (started()) return
      finish(() => {
        try {
          signal.throwIfAborted()
        } catch (reason: unknown) {
          rejectObservation(reject, reason)
          return
        }
        /* v8 ignore next -- a native AbortSignal emits abort only after becoming aborted. */
        reject(new Error('queued observation abort event lacked an aborted signal'))
      })
    }
    signal.addEventListener('abort', onAbort, { once: true })
    operation.then(
      (value) => { finish(() => { resolve(value) }) },
      (reason: unknown) => {
        finish(() => { rejectObservation(reject, reason) })
      },
    )
    if (signal.aborted) onAbort()
  })
}

/** Preserve an exact loader or AbortSignal reason, including legacy non-Error values. */
function rejectObservation(reject: (reason?: unknown) => void, reason: unknown): void {
  reject(reason)
}